Cats are naturally fastidious groomers, but if you notice your cat scratching its ears constantly, rubbing against furniture, or shaking its head, it’s a sign something is wrong. Occasional scratching is normal, but persistent ear irritation often points to ear mites, infections, allergies, or other health concerns.
Ignoring the problem can lead to chronic pain, hearing loss, or even neurological issues if the infection spreads deeper into the ear. The good news is that most ear problems in cats are treatable and preventable with proper care.
In this guide, we’ll explore the common causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, safe home remedies, and prevention strategies for cats scratching ears — plus when it’s an emergency.
Why Does My Cat Keep Scratching Her Ears?
There are multiple reasons your cat may be scratching its ears excessively. Some are mild, but others need immediate veterinary care.
1. Ear Mites
Ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) are among the most common causes of cat constantly scratching ears. These microscopic parasites feed on earwax and oils inside the ear canal.
Signs of ear mites:
- Intense itching and head shaking
- Dark, coffee-ground-like debris inside the ears
- Crusts or scabs from scratching
- Restlessness, especially at night
If untreated, ear mites can cause secondary bacterial infections and scarring of the ear canal.
2. Ear Infections
Bacterial or yeast infections are another leading cause of cat ear scratching. Infections often follow moisture buildup (after baths), poor ear hygiene, or allergies.
Symptoms of ear infections:
- Foul odor from the ear
- Redness and swelling inside the ear canal
- Yellow, green, or brown discharge
- Sensitivity when ears are touched
- Loss of balance in severe cases
Left untreated, infections can damage hearing or spread to the middle and inner ear, causing dangerous complications.
3. Allergies
Cats can suffer from food allergies, environmental allergies (pollen, dust, mold), or flea allergies. These often cause itchy skin, leading to cat scratching ears constantly.
Allergies may also make the ear canal more vulnerable to infections. Common signs include:
- Itchy skin around face, paws, or ears
- Sneezing, watery eyes (in environmental allergies)
- Recurrent ear infections
4. Foreign Objects in the Ear
Cats that roam outdoors may get grass seeds, dirt, or debris lodged in their ear canal. Even a tiny foreign object can cause irritation and continuous scratching.
If your cat suddenly starts pawing at one ear after being outdoors, this may be the culprit. Removal should always be done by a vet to avoid damage.
5. Polyps or Tumors
Benign growths (polyps) or, in rare cases, tumors inside the ear canal can cause scratching, head shaking, and discharge. These typically require surgical removal.
Symptoms to Watch For
Persistent scratching usually comes with other warning signs. Recognizing them early can save your cat from prolonged discomfort.
Visible Signs of Ear Irritation
- Redness, swelling, or scabs
- Thickened ear skin from repeated scratching
- Hair loss around the ears
Odor and Discharge
- Dark, crumbly debris → ear mites
- Yellow/green pus → bacterial infection
- Waxy, moist discharge → yeast infection
Behavioral Symptoms
- Frequent head shaking
- Rubbing ears against furniture or carpet
- Sensitivity when ears are touched
- Irritability, restlessness, or reduced appetite
If your cat keeps scratching its ears along with these symptoms, it’s time for veterinary evaluation.
When to Worry: Emergency Signs
Not all ear scratching is urgent, but the following red flags require immediate vet care:
- Bleeding from the ears
- Severe swelling or pus discharge
- Head tilt, disorientation, or loss of balance
- Constant crying or pain when ears are touched
- Neurological signs (circling, stumbling, seizures)
These may signal a severe infection or middle ear disease that needs urgent treatment.
Diagnosis: How Vets Find the Cause
Your veterinarian will typically:
- Use an otoscope to examine deep inside the ear canal.
- Take swabs for microscopic examination (mites, bacteria, fungi).
- Run allergy testing if infections are recurrent.
- Recommend imaging (X-ray/CT scan) if tumors or polyps are suspected.
Correct diagnosis ensures the right treatment plan and prevents long-term complications.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the underlying cause:
- Ear Mites: Prescription anti-parasitic drops (selamectin, ivermectin) or spot-on treatments.
- Infections: Antibiotic or antifungal ear drops, sometimes combined with oral medications.
- Allergies: Hypoallergenic diet trials, antihistamines, flea control, or corticosteroids.
- Foreign Objects: Safe removal by a vet, often under sedation.
- Polyps/Tumors: Surgical intervention.
⚠️ Avoid home remedies like vinegar, oils, or hydrogen peroxide unless prescribed. These can damage the sensitive ear canal.
Safe Home Remedies (Supportive Only)
While vet treatment is essential, some supportive care at home can help prevent recurrence:
- Ear Cleaning (Vet-Approved Solutions): Gently wipe the outer ear with a solution recommended by your vet. Avoid cotton swabs.
- Flea Prevention: Use monthly preventatives to reduce allergy-related scratching.
- Allergy Management: Keep your home dust-free, switch to unscented cat litter, or try limited-ingredient diets.
- Boost Immune Health: Feed a balanced, high-quality diet with omega-3 fatty acids to support skin and ear health.
⚠️ Unsafe home remedies include hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, essential oils, or garlic — all of which can irritate or poison cats.
Prevention: Keeping Your Cat’s Ears Healthy
- Weekly Ear Checks: Look for redness, odor, or dirt.
- Routine Grooming: Regular brushing reduces allergens and fleas.
- Flea Control: Essential for indoor and outdoor cats.
- Proper Diet: Supports skin barrier and reduces allergy flare-ups.
- Regular Vet Visits: Early intervention prevents minor issues from becoming severe.
Ear Mites vs. Infections vs. Allergies: Quick Comparison
| Feature | Ear Mites | Ear Infection | Allergies |
|---|---|---|---|
| Main Symptom | Intense itching, dark debris | Redness, pus, odor | Recurring irritation, itching |
| Discharge | Coffee-ground appearance | Yellow/green, foul-smelling | Usually none |
| Odor | Mild or absent | Strong, foul smell | Odorless |
| Other Signs | Head shaking, hair loss | Pain, sensitivity, head tilt | Sneezing, skin irritation |
| Treatment | Anti-parasitic medication | Antibiotics/antifungals | Allergy management |
FAQs About Cats Scratching Ears
Mites and infections often itch more at night when the cat is resting, leading to scratching and head shaking.
Yes. Mites spread from contact with other pets, shared bedding, or even during vet visits.
If mites are ruled out, the cause may be an infection, allergies, or a foreign object. A vet exam can confirm the cause.
Ear mites spread easily between cats and dogs but rarely affect humans.
Stick to vet-approved cleaners only. Oils, vinegar, or hydrogen peroxide can exacerbate the issue.
They can lead to hearing loss, chronic pain, or inner ear disease.
Final Takeaways
If your cat keeps scratching its ears constantly, don’t ignore it. Causes may range from ear mites to serious infections.
Key takeaways:
- Persistent scratching = medical evaluation needed
- Never self-treat with harsh home remedies
- Regular ear checks + flea control prevent most problems
- Vet care ensures safe, lasting relief
Healthy ears mean a happier, more comfortable cat. 🐾
